a. Davison, K. Manly Expectations: Memories of Masculinities in School. This paper examines the intersection of schooling and masculinities in an attempt to illustrate the complexities, contradictions, and possibilities of masculine identities in institutionalized schooling. b. Kahn, M. E. Penitence for the Privileged: Manhood, Race, and Penitentiaries in Early America. This paper looks at the founder’s conjuncture of manhood and liberty legitimized a two-tiered criminal justice system. The founders applied state coercion to white male criminals in the service of benevolent rehabilitation and restoration to manhood and liberty. Simultaneously, their new penitentiaries functioned as coercive custodial institutions for warehousing disproportionate numbers of blacks and other males whose ostensible unmanly conduct excluded them from liberty and justified severity and subordination to control them. Penitence was for the privileged. c. Pecanic, M. Studying Men Qualitatively: Through the Looking Glass, Provisionally. This paper looks at the need to use qualitative research when studying men so that researchers and men can authentically explore the complexities of the male and female human life and experience. d. Stewart, D. W. Suffragists and Battleships: The Alliance between Progressive Reform and Naval Expansion before World War I. This paper looks at Richmond Pearson Hobson from Spanish American War hero to becoming an object of ridicule for supporting women’s suffrage. e. Shrock, J. D. Acquitting Himself Manfully: Boys, Manliness, and Fighting in Popular Media. 1870 – 1929. This paper looks at the popular culture through juvenile novels of the early 20th century to find powerful voices that created and perpetuated an ideology that glorified violence in the name of middle-class manhood. f. Urschel, J. K. Four Pedagogical Issues Encountered in Psychology of Men and Gender Courses. Also see Journal of Men’s Studies, Vol. 8, No. 1, pp 1 – 10. g. Machann, C. Tennyson’s King Arthur and the Violence of Manliness, subsequently published in Victorian Poetry, Vol. 38, No. 2 (Summer 2000), pp. 199 – 226.